Touching Balls
If the cue ball is touching an object ball the striker must play away from the touching ball or be deemed to have pushed (a foul stroke). Playing away from a ball on, it is not a foul to hit a ball not on or to miss all other balls, since first contact is deemed to have been made with the touching ball on. It remains a foul to pot a ball not on, however. Playing away from a ball not on, it is a foul to hit a ball not on or to miss all balls. For example if the ball on is red, cue ball is touching red, striker plays away from and does not disturb red, strikes and goes in off black.
Penalty: 4 points, the value of the ball on.
Penalties And Fouls
A player fouling does not score for that stroke; ends his turn; concedes a minimum 4 penalty points to his opponent.
After any foul the incoming player has the option of playing the cue ball from where it came to rest or requesting his opponent to play the stroke.
Penalty: the value of the ball on or of the ball struck, whichever higher.
